feat(forms): improve field labeling & error reporting

Fixes #588
2020-05-19 10:21:42 +02:00 · 2020-05-19 10:21:42 +02:00 · 3820b45b3e
commit 3820b45b3e
parent 02e8825cba
82 changed files with 365 additions and 251 deletions
--- a/frontend/src/utils/form/form-error-remover.js
+++ b/frontend/src/utils/form/form-error-remover.js
@ -3,44 +3,41 @@ import { Utility } from '../../core/utility';
 const FORM_ERROR_REMOVER_INITIALIZED_CLASS = 'form-error-remover--initialized';
 const FORM_ERROR_REMOVER_INPUTS_SELECTOR = 'input:not([type="hidden"]), textarea, select';

-const FORM_GROUP_SELECTOR = '.form-group';
-const FORM_GROUP_WITH_ERRORS_CLASS = 'form-group--has-error';
+const FORM_GROUP_WITH_ERRORS_CLASSES = ['form-group--has-error', 'standalone-field--has-error'];
+const FORM_GROUP_SELECTOR = FORM_GROUP_WITH_ERRORS_CLASSES.map(c => '.' + c).join(', ');

@Utility({
-  selector: 'form',
+  selector: FORM_GROUP_SELECTOR,
 })
 export class FormErrorRemover {

+  _element;
+
  constructor(element) {
-    if (!element) {
+    if (!element)
      throw new Error('Form Error Remover utility needs to be passed an element!');
-    }

-    if (element.classList.contains(FORM_ERROR_REMOVER_INITIALIZED_CLASS)) {
-      return false;
-    }
+    if (element.classList.contains(FORM_ERROR_REMOVER_INITIALIZED_CLASS))
+      return;

-    // find form groups
-    const formGroups = Array.from(element.querySelectorAll(FORM_GROUP_SELECTOR));
+    if (FORM_GROUP_WITH_ERRORS_CLASSES.every(c => !element.classList.contains(c)))
+      return;

-    formGroups.forEach((formGroup) => {
-      if (!formGroup.classList.contains(FORM_GROUP_WITH_ERRORS_CLASS)) {
-        return;
-      }
+    this._element = element;
+    
+    this._element.classList.add(FORM_ERROR_REMOVER_INITIALIZED_CLASS);
+  }

-      const inputElements = Array.from(formGroup.querySelectorAll(FORM_ERROR_REMOVER_INPUTS_SELECTOR));
-      if (!inputElements) {
-        return false;
-      }
+  start() {
+    if (!this._element)
+      return;

-      inputElements.forEach((inputElement) => {
-        inputElement.addEventListener('input', () => {
-          formGroup.classList.remove(FORM_GROUP_WITH_ERRORS_CLASS);
-        });
+    const inputElements = Array.from(this._element.querySelectorAll(FORM_ERROR_REMOVER_INPUTS_SELECTOR));
+
+    inputElements.forEach((inputElement) => {
+      inputElement.addEventListener('input', () => {
+        FORM_GROUP_WITH_ERRORS_CLASSES.forEach(c => { this._element.classList.remove(c); });
      });
    });
-
-    // mark initialized
-    element.classList.add(FORM_ERROR_REMOVER_INITIALIZED_CLASS);
  }
 }
--- a/frontend/src/utils/inputs/inputs.sass
+++ b/frontend/src/utils/inputs/inputs.sass
@ -78,10 +78,32 @@
    font-weight: 600
    color: var(--color-error)
    margin: 7px 0
+    white-space: pre-wrap

 .form-error
  display: none

+.standalone-field
+  display: inline-flex
+
+  &__error
+    display: none
+    align-self: center
+    flex: 0 0 auto
+
+    .tooltip__content
+      font-weight: 600
+      color: var(--color-error)
+      white-space: pre-wrap
+
+  &--has-error
+    input, textarea
+      border-color: var(--color-error) !important
+
+    .standalone-field__error
+      display: block
+   
+
@media (max-width: 768px)
  .form-group
    grid-template-columns: 1fr
--- a/messages/campus/de.msg
+++ b/messages/campus/de.msg
@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
 CampusIdentPlaceholder: Vorname.Nachname@campus.lmu.de
 CampusIdent: Campus-Kennung
 CampusPassword: Passwort
-CampusPasswordPlaceholder: Passwort
-CampusSubmit: Abschicken
-CampusInvalidCredentials: Ungültige Logindaten
+CampusPasswordPlaceholder: Passwort
--- a/messages/campus/en.msg
+++ b/messages/campus/en.msg
@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
 CampusIdentPlaceholder: First.Last@campus.lmu.de
 CampusIdent: Campus account
 CampusPassword: Password
-CampusPasswordPlaceholder: Password
-CampusSubmit: Send
-CampusInvalidCredentials: Invalid login
+CampusPasswordPlaceholder: Password
--- a/messages/uniworx/de-de-formal.msg
+++ b/messages/uniworx/de-de-formal.msg
@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ TermEndDay: Letzter Tag
 TermEndDayTooltip: Üblicherweise immer 30. September oder 31. März
 TermHolidays: Feiertage
 TermHolidayPlaceholder: Feiertag
+TermHolidayMissing: Feiertag wird benötigt
 TermLectureStart: Beginn Vorlesungen
 TermLectureEnd: Ende Vorlesungen
 TermLectureEndTooltip: Meistens dauer das Sommersemester 14 Wochen und das Wintersemester 15 Wochen.
@ -257,6 +258,7 @@ CourseFormSectionRegistration: Anmeldung zum Kurs
 CourseFormSectionAdministration: Verwaltung

 CourseLecturers: Kursverwalter
+CourseLecturerEmail: E-Mail
 CourseLecturer: Dozent
 CourseAssistant: Assistent
 CourseLecturerAlreadyAdded: Dieser Nutzer ist bereits als Kursverwalter eingetragen
@ -775,6 +777,8 @@ CampusUserInvalidSex: Konnte anhand des Campus-Logins kein Geschlecht ermitteln
 CorrectorNormal: Normal
 CorrectorMissing: Abwesend
 CorrectorExcused: Entschuldigt
+SheetCorrectorState: Status
+SheetCorrectorProportion: Anteil
 CorrectorStateTip: Abwesende Korrektoren bekommen bei späteren Übungsblättern mehr Korrekturen zum Ausgleich zugewiesen. Entschuldigte Korrektoren müssen nicht nacharbeiten.

 DayIsAHoliday     tid@TermId name@Text date@Text: "#{name}" (#{date}) ist ein Feiertag
@ -843,6 +847,7 @@ NoStudyField: Kein Studienfach
 StudyFeatureType:
 StudyFeatureValid: Aktiv
 StudyFeatureUpdate: Abgeglichen
+StudyTermsParentMissing: Elter wird benötigt

 DegreeKey: Abschlussschlüssel
 DegreeName: Abschluss
@ -1510,6 +1515,7 @@ SubmissionUserInviteExplanation: Sie wurden eingeladen, Mitabgebende(r) bei eine
 ExamOfficeUserInviteHeading displayName@Text: Zugriff auf Ihre Prüfungsleistungen durch #{displayName}
 ExamOfficeUserInviteExplanation: Um Ihre Prüfungsleistungen ordnungsgemäß anrechnen zu können (z.B. im finalen Transcript of Records für Erasmus-Studierende) werden sie eingeladen der hierfür zuständigen Stelle Einsicht zu gewähren.
 ExamOfficeUserInvitationAccepted: Einsicht erfolgreich gewährt
+ExamOfficeUserEmail: E-Mail

 InvitationAction: Aktion
 InvitationActionTip: Abgelehnte Einladungen können nicht mehr angenommen werden
@ -1576,6 +1582,7 @@ TutorialRegGroupTip: Studenten können sich in jeweils maximal einem Tutorium pr
 TutorialRoomPlaceholder: Raum
 TutorialTutors: Tutoren
 TutorialTutorAlreadyAdded: Ein Tutor mit dieser E-Mail ist bereits für dieses Tutorium eingetragen
+TutorEmail: E-Mail

 OccurrenceNoneScheduled: (Noch) keine planmäßigen Termine
 OccurrenceNoneExceptions: (Noch) keine Termin-Ausnahmen
@ -1701,6 +1708,7 @@ ExamNoSuchOccurrence: Termin/Raum existiert nicht (mehr)
 ExamOccurrences: Termine
 ExamRooms: Räume
 ExamTimes: Termine
+ExamRoomRoom: Raum
 ExamRoomAlreadyExists: Prüfung ist bereits eingetragen
 ExamRoomName: Interne Bezeichnung
 ExamRoomCapacity: Kapazität
@ -1724,6 +1732,7 @@ ExamFormParts: Teile
 ExamCorrectors: Korrektoren
 ExamCorrectorsTip: Hier eingetragene Korrektoren können zwischen Beginn der Prüfung und "Bewertung abgeschlossen ab" Ergebnisse für alle Teilprüfungen und alle Teilnehmer im System hinterlegen.
 ExamCorrectorAlreadyAdded: Ein Korrektor mit dieser E-Mail ist bereits für diese Prüfung eingetragen
+ExamCorrectorEmail: E-Mail

 ExamPart: Teilprüfung/Aufgabe
 ExamParts: Teilprüfungen/Aufgaben
@ -2109,6 +2118,7 @@ SchoolShort: Kürzel
 SchoolName: Name
 SchoolLdapOrganisations: Assoziierte LDAP-Fragmente
 SchoolLdapOrganisationsTip: Beim Login via LDAP werden dem Nutzer alle Institute zugeordnet deren assoziierte LDAP-Fragmente im Eintrag des Nutzer gefunden werden
+SchoolLdapOrganisationMissing: LDAP-Fragment wird benötigt

 SchoolUpdated ssh@SchoolId: #{ssh} erfolgreich angepasst
 SchoolTitle ssh@SchoolId: Institut „#{ssh}“
@ -2428,6 +2438,7 @@ ExternalExamExamOfficeSchoolsTip: Prüfungsbeauftragte von Instituten, die Sie h
 ExternalExamStaff: Assoziierte Personen
 ExternalExamStaffTip: Assoziierte Personen werden den Prüfungsbeauftragten und Teilnehmern angezeigt und dürfen Leistungen für die Prüfung hinterlegen.
 ExternalExamStaffAlreadyAdded: Person wurde bereits der Prüfung hinzugefügt
+ExternalExamStaffEmail: E-Mail
 ExternalExamUserMustBeStaff: Sie selbst müssen stets assoziierte Person sein, für die externen Prüfungen, die Sie anlegen
 ExternalExamCourseExists: Der angegebene Kurs existiert im System. Prüfungen sollten daher direkt beim Kurs (statt extern) hinterlegt werden.
 ExternalExamExists coursen@CourseName examn@ExamName: Prüfung „#{examn}“ für Kurs „#{coursen}“ existiert bereits.
@ -2530,13 +2541,17 @@ CourseOption tid@TermId ssh@SchoolId coursen@CourseName: #{tid} - #{ssh} - #{cou
 BearerTokenUsageWarning: Mit diesem Interface können quesi beliebige Rechte als Tokens kodiert und somit ohne wesentliche weitere Beschränkung frei übertragen werden. Benutzen Sie dieses Interface nur, wenn Sie von einem erfahrenen Entwickler über die Auswirkungen des konkreten Tokens, dass sie ausstellen möchten, beraten wurden!
 BearerTokenAuthorityGroups: Token-Authorität (Gruppen)
 BearerTokenAuthorityGroupsTip: Die primären Benutzer aller angegebenen Gruppen müssen Zugriff auf eine Route haben, damit das Token den Zugriff auf diese Route erlaubt.
+BearerTokenAuthorityGroupMissing: Gruppe wird benötigt
 BearerTokenAuthorityUsers: Token-Authorität (Benutzer)
 BearerTokenAuthorityUsersTip: Alle angegebenen Benutzer müssen Zugriff auf eine Route haben, damit das Token den Zugriff auf diese Route erlaubt. Der Aussteller muss, bei mit diesem Benutzerinterface erzeugten Tokens, auch Zugriff auf die Route haben (er wird automatisch der Menge von Token-Authoritäten hinzugefügt).
 BearerTokenAuthorityUnknownUser email@UserEmail: Ein Nutzer mit E-Mail #{email} ist dem System nicht bekannt
 BearerTokenRoutes: Erlaubte Routen
 BearerTokenRoutesTip: Wenn die Token-Validität nach Routen eingeschränkt und keine Routen angegeben werden, ist das Token nirgends gültig.
+BearerTokenRouteMissing: Route wird benötigt
 BearerTokenRestrictions: Routen-spezifische Einschränkungen
 BearerTokenRestrictRoutes: Token-Validität nach Routen einschränken
+BearerTokenRestrictRoute: Route
+BearerTokenRestrictValue: Einschränkung
 BearerTokenAdditionalAuth: Zusätzliche Authorisierung
 BearerTokenAdditionalAuthTip: Wird hier nichts angegeben, werden keine Einschränkungen daran gesetzt, wer das Token verwenden kann. Es reicht dann der Besitz.
 BearerTokenOverrideExpiration: Ablaufzeitpunkt überschreiben
@ -2564,4 +2579,7 @@ TestDownloadMaxSize: Maximale Dateigröße
 TestDownloadMode: Modus
 TestDownloadDirect: Direkte Generierung
 TestDownloadInTransaction: Generierung während Datenbank-Transaktion
-TestDownloadFromDatabase: Generierung während Download aus Datenbank
+TestDownloadFromDatabase: Generierung während Download aus Datenbank
+
+ValueRequiredLabeledSimple fieldLabel@Text: #{fieldLabel} wird benötigt
+ValueRequiredLabeledMultiWord fieldLabel@Text: „#{fieldLabel}“ wird benötigt
--- a/messages/uniworx/en-eu.msg
+++ b/messages/uniworx/en-eu.msg
@ -2563,3 +2563,6 @@ TestDownloadMode: Mode
 TestDownloadDirect: Direct generation
 TestDownloadInTransaction: Generate during database transaction
 TestDownloadFromDatabase: Generate while streaming from database
+
+ValueRequiredLabeledSimple fieldLabel: #{fieldLabel} is required
+ValueRequiredLabeledMultiWord fieldLabel: “#{fieldLabel}” is required
--- a/src/Auth/Dummy.hs
+++ b/src/Auth/Dummy.hs
@ -18,14 +18,15 @@ data DummyMessage = MsgDummyIdent


 dummyForm :: ( RenderMessage (HandlerSite m) FormMessage
+             , RenderMessage (HandlerSite m) (ValueRequired (HandlerSite m))
             , RenderMessage (HandlerSite m) DummyMessage
             , YesodPersist (HandlerSite m)
             , SqlBackendCanRead (YesodPersistBackend (HandlerSite m))
             , MonadHandler m
-             ) => AForm m (CI Text)
-dummyForm = wFormToAForm $ do
+             ) => WForm m (FormResult (CI Text))
+dummyForm = do
  mr <- getMessageRender
-  aFormToWForm $ areq (ciField & addDatalist userList) (fslpI MsgDummyIdent (mr MsgDummyIdentPlaceholder) & noAutocomplete & addName PostLoginDummy) Nothing
+  wreq (ciField & addDatalist userList) (fslpI MsgDummyIdent (mr MsgDummyIdentPlaceholder) & noAutocomplete & addName PostLoginDummy) Nothing
  where
    userList = fmap mkOptionList . runDB $ withReaderT projectBackend (map toOption <$> selectList [] [Asc UserIdent] :: ReaderT SqlBackend _ [Option UserIdent])
    toOption (Entity _ User{..}) = Option userDisplayName userIdent (CI.original userIdent)
@ -36,6 +37,7 @@ dummyLogin :: forall site.
              , SqlBackendCanRead (YesodPersistBackend site)
              , RenderMessage site AFormMessage
              , RenderMessage site DummyMessage
+              , RenderMessage site (ValueRequired site)
              , Button site ButtonSubmit
              ) => AuthPlugin site
 dummyLogin = AuthPlugin{..}
@ -44,8 +46,8 @@ dummyLogin = AuthPlugin{..}
    apName = "dummy"
    
    apDispatch :: forall m. MonadAuthHandler site m => Text -> [Text] -> m TypedContent
-    apDispatch "POST" [] = liftSubHandler $ do
-      ((loginRes, _), _) <- runFormPost $ renderAForm FormStandard dummyForm
+    apDispatch method [] | encodeUtf8 method == methodPost = liftSubHandler $ do
+      ((loginRes, _), _) <- runFormPost $ renderWForm FormStandard dummyForm
      tp <- getRouteToParent
      case loginRes of
        FormFailure errs -> do
@ -55,15 +57,16 @@ dummyLogin = AuthPlugin{..}
          addMessageI Warning MsgDummyNoFormData
          redirect $ tp LoginR
        FormSuccess ident ->
-          setCredsRedirect $ Creds "dummy" (CI.original ident) []
+          setCredsRedirect $ Creds apName (CI.original ident) []
+    apDispatch _ [] = badMethod
    apDispatch _ _ = notFound
  
    apLogin :: (Route Auth -> Route site) -> WidgetFor site ()
    apLogin toMaster = do
-      (login, loginEnctype) <- handlerToWidget . generateFormPost $ renderAForm FormStandard dummyForm
+      (login, loginEnctype) <- handlerToWidget . generateFormPost $ renderWForm FormStandard dummyForm
      let loginForm = wrapForm login FormSettings
            { formMethod = POST
-            , formAction = Just . SomeRoute . toMaster $ PluginR "dummy" []
+            , formAction = Just . SomeRoute . toMaster $ PluginR apName []
            , formEncoding = loginEnctype
            , formAttrs = [("uw-no-navigate-away-prompt","")]
            , formSubmit = FormSubmit
--- a/src/Auth/LDAP.hs
+++ b/src/Auth/LDAP.hs
@ -34,8 +34,6 @@ data CampusMessage = MsgCampusIdentPlaceholder
                   | MsgCampusIdent
                   | MsgCampusPassword
                   | MsgCampusPasswordPlaceholder
-                   | MsgCampusSubmit
-                   | MsgCampusInvalidCredentials
  deriving (Eq, Ord, Enum, Bounded, Read, Show, Generic, Typeable)


@ -152,18 +150,15 @@ campusUserMatr' pool mode


 campusForm :: ( RenderMessage (HandlerSite m) FormMessage
+              , RenderMessage (HandlerSite m) (ValueRequired (HandlerSite m))
              , RenderMessage (HandlerSite m) CampusMessage
              , MonadHandler m
              ) => WForm m (FormResult CampusLogin)
 campusForm = do
  MsgRenderer mr <- getMsgRenderer
-  
-  ident <- wreq ciField (fslpI MsgCampusIdent (mr MsgCampusIdentPlaceholder) & addAttr "autofocus" "") Nothing
-  password <- wreq passwordField (fslpI MsgCampusPassword (mr MsgCampusPasswordPlaceholder)) Nothing
-
-  return $ CampusLogin
-    <$> ident
-    <*> password
+  aFormToWForm $ CampusLogin
+   <$> areq ciField (fslpI MsgCampusIdent (mr MsgCampusIdentPlaceholder) & addAttr "autofocus" "") Nothing
+   <*> areq passwordField (fslpI MsgCampusPassword (mr MsgCampusPasswordPlaceholder)) Nothing

 apLdap :: Text
 apLdap = "LDAP"
@ -172,6 +167,7 @@ campusLogin :: forall site.
               ( YesodAuth site
               , RenderMessage site CampusMessage
               , RenderMessage site AFormMessage
+               , RenderMessage site (ValueRequired site)
               , Button site ButtonSubmit
               ) => Failover (LdapConf, LdapPool) -> FailoverMode -> AuthPlugin site
 campusLogin pool mode = AuthPlugin{..}
@ -180,38 +176,37 @@ campusLogin pool mode = AuthPlugin{..}
    apName = apLdap
  
    apDispatch :: forall m. MonadAuthHandler site m => Text -> [Text] -> m TypedContent
-    apDispatch "POST" [] = liftSubHandler $ do
+    apDispatch method [] | encodeUtf8 method == methodPost = liftSubHandler $ do
      ((loginRes, _), _) <- runFormPost $ renderWForm FormStandard campusForm
      tp <- getRouteToParent
-      case loginRes of
-        FormFailure errs -> do
-          forM_ errs $ addMessage Error . toHtml
-          redirect $ tp LoginR
-        FormMissing -> redirect $ tp LoginR
-        FormSuccess CampusLogin{ campusIdent = CI.original -> campusIdent, ..} -> do
-          ldapResult <- withLdapFailover _2 pool mode $ \(conf@LdapConf{..}, ldap) -> liftIO $ do
-            Ldap.bind ldap ldapDn ldapPassword
-            searchResults <- findUser conf ldap campusIdent [ldapUserPrincipalName]
-            case searchResults of
-              [Ldap.SearchEntry (Ldap.Dn userDN) userAttrs]
-                | [principalName] <- fold [ v | (k, v) <- userAttrs, k == ldapUserPrincipalName ]
-                , Right credsIdent <- Text.decodeUtf8' principalName
-                -> Right (userDN, credsIdent) <$ Ldap.bind ldap (Ldap.Dn credsIdent) (Ldap.Password $ Text.encodeUtf8 campusPassword)
-              other -> return $ Left other
-          case ldapResult of
-            Left err
-              | LdapError (Ldap.ResponseError (Ldap.ResponseErrorCode _ Ldap.InvalidCredentials _ _)) <- err
-                -> do
-                  $logDebugS "LDAP" "Invalid credentials"
-                  loginErrorMessageI LoginR Msg.InvalidLogin
-              | otherwise -> do
-                  $logErrorS "LDAP" $ "Error during login: " <> tshow err
-                  loginErrorMessageI LoginR Msg.AuthError
-            Right (Right (userDN, credsIdent)) ->
-              setCredsRedirect $ Creds apName credsIdent [("DN", userDN)]
-            Right (Left searchResults) -> do
-              $logWarnS "LDAP" $ "Could not extract principal name: " <> tshow searchResults
-              loginErrorMessageI LoginR Msg.AuthError
+
+      resp <- formResultMaybe loginRes $ \CampusLogin{ campusIdent = CI.original -> campusIdent, ..} -> Just <$> do
+        ldapResult <- withLdapFailover _2 pool mode $ \(conf@LdapConf{..}, ldap) -> liftIO $ do
+          Ldap.bind ldap ldapDn ldapPassword
+          searchResults <- findUser conf ldap campusIdent [ldapUserPrincipalName]
+          case searchResults of
+            [Ldap.SearchEntry (Ldap.Dn userDN) userAttrs]
+              | [principalName] <- fold [ v | (k, v) <- userAttrs, k == ldapUserPrincipalName ]
+              , Right credsIdent <- Text.decodeUtf8' principalName
+              -> Right (userDN, credsIdent) <$ Ldap.bind ldap (Ldap.Dn credsIdent) (Ldap.Password $ Text.encodeUtf8 campusPassword)
+            other -> return $ Left other
+        case ldapResult of
+          Left err
+            | LdapError (Ldap.ResponseError (Ldap.ResponseErrorCode _ Ldap.InvalidCredentials _ _)) <- err
+              -> do
+                $logDebugS "LDAP" "Invalid credentials"
+                loginErrorMessageI LoginR Msg.InvalidLogin
+            | otherwise -> do
+                $logErrorS "LDAP" $ "Error during login: " <> tshow err
+                loginErrorMessageI LoginR Msg.AuthError
+          Right (Right (userDN, credsIdent)) ->
+            setCredsRedirect $ Creds apName credsIdent [("DN", userDN)]
+          Right (Left searchResults) -> do
+            $logWarnS "LDAP" $ "Could not extract principal name: " <> tshow searchResults
+            loginErrorMessageI LoginR Msg.AuthError
+
+      maybe (redirect $ tp LoginR) return resp
+    apDispatch _ [] = badMethod
    apDispatch _ _ = notFound

    apLogin :: (Route Auth -> Route site) -> WidgetFor site ()
--- a/src/Auth/PWHash.hs
+++ b/src/Auth/PWHash.hs
@ -28,11 +28,12 @@ data PWHashMessage = MsgPWHashIdent


 hashForm :: ( RenderMessage (HandlerSite m) FormMessage
+            , RenderMessage (HandlerSite m) (ValueRequired (HandlerSite m))
            , RenderMessage (HandlerSite m) PWHashMessage
            , MonadHandler m
-            ) => AForm m HashLogin
-hashForm = wFormToAForm $ do
-  mr <- getMessageRender
+            ) => WForm m (FormResult HashLogin)
+hashForm = do
+  MsgRenderer mr <- getMsgRenderer
  aFormToWForm $ HashLogin
    <$> areq ciField (fslpI MsgPWHashIdent (mr MsgPWHashIdentPlaceholder)) Nothing
    <*> areq passwordField (fslpI MsgPWHashPassword (mr MsgPWHashPasswordPlaceholder)) Nothing
@ -45,6 +46,7 @@ hashLogin :: forall site.
             , PersistRecordBackend User (YesodPersistBackend site)
             , RenderMessage site PWHashMessage
             , RenderMessage site AFormMessage
+             , RenderMessage site (ValueRequired site)
             , Button site ButtonSubmit
             ) => PWHashAlgorithm -> AuthPlugin site
 hashLogin pwHashAlgo = AuthPlugin{..}
@ -53,31 +55,30 @@ hashLogin pwHashAlgo = AuthPlugin{..}
    apName = "PWHash"

    apDispatch :: forall m. MonadAuthHandler site m => Text -> [Text] -> m TypedContent
-    apDispatch "POST" [] = liftSubHandler $ do
-      ((loginRes, _), _) <- runFormPost $ renderAForm FormStandard hashForm
+    apDispatch method [] | encodeUtf8 method == methodPost = liftSubHandler $ do
+      ((loginRes, _), _) <- runFormPost $ renderWForm FormStandard hashForm
      tp <- getRouteToParent
-      case loginRes of
-        FormFailure errs -> do
-          forM_ errs $ addMessage Error . toHtml
-          redirect $ tp LoginR
-        FormMissing -> redirect $ tp LoginR
-        FormSuccess HashLogin{..} -> do
-          user <- liftHandler . runDB . getBy $ UniqueAuthentication hashIdent
-          case user of
-            Just (Entity _ User{ userAuthentication = AuthPWHash{..}, userIdent = CI.original -> userIdent })
-              | verifyPasswordWith pwHashAlgo (2^) (encodeUtf8 hashPassword) (encodeUtf8 authPWHash) -> -- (2^) is magic.
-                  setCredsRedirect $ Creds apName userIdent []
-            other -> do
-              $logDebugS "PWHash" $ tshow other
-              loginErrorMessageI LoginR Msg.InvalidLogin
+
+      resp <- formResultMaybe loginRes $ \HashLogin{..} -> Just <$> do
+        user <- liftHandler . runDB . getBy $ UniqueAuthentication hashIdent
+        case user of
+          Just (Entity _ User{ userAuthentication = AuthPWHash{..}, userIdent = CI.original -> userIdent })
+            | verifyPasswordWith pwHashAlgo (2^) (encodeUtf8 hashPassword) (encodeUtf8 authPWHash) -> -- (2^) is magic.
+                setCredsRedirect $ Creds apName userIdent []
+          other -> do
+            $logDebugS "PWHash" $ tshow other
+            loginErrorMessageI LoginR Msg.InvalidLogin
+
+      maybe (redirect $ tp LoginR) return resp
+    apDispatch _ [] = badMethod
    apDispatch _ _ = notFound

    apLogin :: (Route Auth -> Route site) -> WidgetFor site ()
    apLogin toMaster = do
-      (login, loginEnctype) <- handlerToWidget . generateFormPost $ renderAForm FormStandard hashForm
+      (login, loginEnctype) <- handlerToWidget . generateFormPost $ renderWForm FormStandard hashForm
      let loginForm = wrapForm login FormSettings
            { formMethod = POST
-            , formAction = Just . SomeRoute . toMaster $ PluginR "PWHash" []
+            , formAction = Just . SomeRoute . toMaster $ PluginR apName []
            , formEncoding = loginEnctype
            , formAttrs = [("uw-no-navigate-away-prompt","")]
            , formSubmit = FormSubmit
--- a/src/Foundation.hs
+++ b/src/Foundation.hs
@ -81,8 +81,6 @@ import Utils.Metrics

 import Text.Cassius (cassiusFile)

-import Yesod.Form.I18n.German
-import Yesod.Form.I18n.English
 import qualified Yesod.Auth.Message as Auth

 import qualified Data.Conduit.List as C
@ -239,15 +237,7 @@ appLanguagesOpts = do
        }
      langOptions = map mkOption $ toList appLanguages
  return $ mkOptionList langOptions
-
-- This instance is required to use forms. You can modify renderMessage to
-- achieve customized and internationalized form validation messages.
-instance RenderMessage UniWorX FormMessage where
-    renderMessage _ ls = case lang of
-      ("en" : _) -> englishFormMessage
-      _other     -> germanFormMessage
-      where lang = Text.splitOn "-" $ selectLanguage' appLanguages ls
-
+  
 instance RenderMessage UniWorX WeekDay where
  renderMessage _ ls wDay = pack . fst $ wDays (getTimeLocale' ls) !! (fromEnum wDay `mod` 7)

@ -256,6 +246,7 @@ newtype ShortWeekDay = ShortWeekDay { longWeekDay :: WeekDay }
 instance RenderMessage UniWorX ShortWeekDay where
  renderMessage _ ls (ShortWeekDay wDay) = pack . snd $ wDays (getTimeLocale' ls) !! (fromEnum wDay `mod` 7)

+
 -- Access Control
 newtype InvalidAuthTag = InvalidAuthTag Text
  deriving (Eq, Ord, Show, Read, Generic, Typeable)
--- a/src/Foundation/I18n.hs
+++ b/src/Foundation/I18n.hs
@ -34,6 +34,9 @@ import Utils.Form

 import GHC.Exts (IsList(..))

+import Yesod.Form.I18n.German
+import Yesod.Form.I18n.English
+

 appLanguages :: NonEmpty Lang
 appLanguages = "de-de-formal" :| ["en-eu"]
@ -324,3 +327,26 @@ instance RenderMessage UniWorX UniWorXMessages where

 uniworxMessages :: [UniWorXMessage] -> UniWorXMessages
 uniworxMessages = UniWorXMessages . map SomeMessage
+
+  
+-- This instance is required to use forms. You can modify renderMessage to
+-- achieve customized and internationalized form validation messages.
+instance RenderMessage UniWorX FormMessage where
+    renderMessage _ ls | lang == "en" = englishFormMessage
+                       | otherwise    = germanFormMessage
+      where lang = selectLanguage' ("de" :| ["en"]) ls
+
+instance RenderMessage UniWorX (ValueRequired UniWorX) where
+  renderMessage foundation ls (ValueRequired label')
+    | [w] <- Text.words label
+    , let w' = Text.strip w
+    , not $ Text.null w'
+    = mr $ MsgValueRequiredLabeledSimple w'
+    | Text.null $ Text.strip label
+    = mr   MsgValueRequired
+    | otherwise
+    = mr . MsgValueRequiredLabeledMultiWord $ Text.strip label
+    where
+      label = mr label'
+      mr :: forall msg. RenderMessage UniWorX msg => msg -> Text
+      mr = renderMessage foundation ls
--- a/src/Handler/Admin/StudyFeatures.hs
+++ b/src/Handler/Admin/StudyFeatures.hs
@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ postAdminFeaturesR = do
                  -> DBRow r 
                  -> DBCell (MForm (HandlerFor UniWorX)) (FormResult (DBFormResult i a (DBRow r)))
    textInputCell lensRes lensDefault lensIndex = formCell id (return . view lensIndex)
-      (\row _mkUnique -> bimap (fmap $ set lensRes . assertM (not . Text.null)) fvInput
+      (\row _mkUnique -> bimap (fmap $ set lensRes . assertM (not . Text.null)) fvWidget
        <$> mopt (textField & cfStrip) "" (Just $ row ^. lensDefault)
      )
  
@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ postAdminFeaturesR = do
                 -> DBRow r 
                 -> DBCell (MForm (HandlerFor UniWorX)) (FormResult (DBFormResult i a (DBRow r))) 
    checkboxCell lensRes lensDefault lensIndex = formCell id (return . view lensIndex)
-      ( \row _mkUnique -> bimap (fmap $ set lensRes) fvInput
+      ( \row _mkUnique -> bimap (fmap $ set lensRes) fvWidget
        <$> mpopt checkBoxField "" (Just $ row ^. lensDefault)
      )

@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ postAdminFeaturesR = do
    --             -> DBRow r
    --             -> DBCell (MForm (HandlerFor UniWorX)) (FormResult (DBFormResult i a (DBRow r)))
    -- termKeyCell lensRes lensDefault lensIndex = formCell id (return . view lensIndex)
-    --   ( \row _mkUnique -> (\(res, fieldView) -> (set lensRes <$> res, fvInput fieldView))
+    --   ( \row _mkUnique -> (\(res, fieldView) -> (set lensRes <$> res, fvWidget fieldView))
    --     <$> mopt (intField & isoField (from _StudyTermsId)) "" (Just $ row ^. lensDefault)
    --   )

@ -283,10 +283,11 @@ postAdminFeaturesR = do
                -> DBRow r
                -> DBCell (MForm (HandlerFor UniWorX)) (FormResult (DBFormResult i a (DBRow r)))
    parentsCell lensRes lensDefault lensIndex = formCell id (return . view lensIndex)
-      ( \row mkUnique -> bimap (fmap $ set lensRes . Set.fromList) fvInput
+      ( \row mkUnique -> bimap (fmap $ set lensRes . Set.fromList) fvWidget
        <$> massInputList
              (intField & isoField (from _StudyTermsId))
              (const "")
+              MsgStudyTermsParentMissing
              (Just . SomeRoute . (AdminFeaturesR :#:))
              (mkUnique ("parents" :: Text))
              ""
@ -302,7 +303,7 @@ postAdminFeaturesR = do
               -> DBRow r
               -> DBCell (MForm (HandlerFor UniWorX)) (FormResult (DBFormResult i a (DBRow r)))
    degreeCell lensRes lensDefault lensIndex = formCell id (return . view lensIndex)
-      ( \row _mkUnique -> bimap (fmap $ set lensRes) fvInput
+      ( \row _mkUnique -> bimap (fmap $ set lensRes) fvWidget
        <$> mopt degreeField "" (Just $ row ^. lensDefault)
      )
  
@ -313,7 +314,7 @@ postAdminFeaturesR = do
                  -> DBRow r
                  -> DBCell (MForm (HandlerFor UniWorX)) (FormResult (DBFormResult i a (DBRow r)))
    fieldTypeCell lensRes lensDefault lensIndex = formCell id (return . view lensIndex)
-      ( \row _mkUnique -> bimap (fmap $ set lensRes) fvInput
+      ( \row _mkUnique -> bimap (fmap $ set lensRes) fvWidget
        <$> mopt (selectField optionsFinite) "" (Just $ row ^. lensDefault)
      )

--- a/src/Handler/Admin/Test.hs
+++ b/src/Handler/Admin/Test.hs
@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ postAdminTestR = do
      (addRes, addView) <- mpreq textField ("" & addName (nudge "text")) Nothing -- Any old field; for demonstration
      let addRes' = fromMaybe 0 . readMay . Text.filter isDigit <$> addRes -- Do something semi-interesting on the result of the @textField@ to demonstrate that further processing can be done
          addRes'' = addRes' <&> \dat prev -> FormSuccess (Map.singleton (maybe 0 (succ . fst) $ Map.lookupMax prev) dat) -- Construct the callback to determine new cell positions and data within @FormResult@ as required, nested @FormResult@ allows aborting the add depending on previous data
-      return (addRes'', toWidget csrf >> fvInput addView >> fvInput submitBtn)
+      return (addRes'', toWidget csrf >> fvWidget addView >> fvWidget submitBtn)
    mkAddForm _pos _dim _ _ = error "Dimension and Position is always 0 for our 1-dimensional form"

    -- | Make a single massInput-Cell
@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ postAdminTestR = do
               -> Form Int
    mkCellForm _pos cData initial nudge csrf = do -- Extremely simple cell
      (intRes, intView) <- mreq intField ("" & addName (nudge "int")) $ initial <|> Just cData
-      return (intRes, toWidget csrf >> fvInput intView)
+      return (intRes, toWidget csrf >> fvWidget intView)
    -- | How does the shape (`ListLength`) change if a certain cell is deleted?
    deleteCell :: Map ListPosition Int -- ^ Current shape, including initialisation data
               -> ListPosition -- ^ Coordinate to delete
@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ postAdminTestR = do

  -- The actual call to @massInput@ is comparatively simple:

-  ((miResult, fvInput -> miForm), miEnc) <- runFormPost . identifyForm ("massinput" :: Text) $ massInput (MassInput mkAddForm mkCellForm deleteCell allowAdd (\_ _ _ -> Set.empty) buttonAction defaultMiLayout ("massinput" :: Text)) "" True Nothing
+  ((miResult, fvWidget -> miForm), miEnc) <- runFormPost . identifyForm ("massinput" :: Text) $ massInput (MassInput mkAddForm mkCellForm deleteCell allowAdd (\_ _ _ -> Set.empty) buttonAction defaultMiLayout ("massinput" :: Text)) "" True Nothing


  testDownloadWidget <- testDownload
--- a/src/Handler/Admin/Tokens.hs
+++ b/src/Handler/Admin/Tokens.hs
@ -31,13 +31,13 @@ bearerTokenForm = do
  muid <- maybeAuthId
  mr <- getMessageRender
  
-  btfAuthorityGroups <- aFormToWForm $ HashSet.fromList . map Left <$> massInputListA pathPieceField (const "") (\p -> Just . SomeRoute $ AdminTokensR :#: p) ("token-groups" :: Text) (fslI MsgBearerTokenAuthorityGroups & setTooltip MsgBearerTokenAuthorityGroupsTip) False Nothing
+  btfAuthorityGroups <- aFormToWForm $ HashSet.fromList . map Left <$> massInputListA pathPieceField (const "") MsgBearerTokenAuthorityGroupMissing (\p -> Just . SomeRoute $ AdminTokensR :#: p) ("token-groups" :: Text) (fslI MsgBearerTokenAuthorityGroups & setTooltip MsgBearerTokenAuthorityGroupsTip) False Nothing
  btfAuthorityUsers <- fmap (fmap . ofoldMap $ HashSet.singleton . Right) <$> wopt (checkMap (foldMapM $ fmap Set.singleton . left MsgBearerTokenAuthorityUnknownUser) (Set.map Right) $ multiUserField False Nothing) (fslpI MsgBearerTokenAuthorityUsers (mr MsgLdapIdentificationOrEmail) & setTooltip MsgBearerTokenAuthorityUsersTip) (Just $ Set.singleton <$> muid)
  let btfAuthority' :: FormResult (HashSet (Either UserGroupName UserId))
      btfAuthority'
        = (<>) <$> btfAuthorityGroups <*> ((hoistMaybe =<< btfAuthorityUsers) <|> pure HashSet.empty)

-  let btfRoutesForm = HashSet.fromList <$> massInputListA routeField (const "") (\p -> Just . SomeRoute $ AdminTokensR :#: p) ("token-routes" :: Text) (fslI MsgBearerTokenRoutes & setTooltip MsgBearerTokenRoutesTip) True Nothing
+  let btfRoutesForm = HashSet.fromList <$> massInputListA routeField (const "") MsgBearerTokenRouteMissing (\p -> Just . SomeRoute $ AdminTokensR :#: p) ("token-routes" :: Text) (fslI MsgBearerTokenRoutes & setTooltip MsgBearerTokenRoutesTip) True Nothing
  btfRoutes' <- optionalActionW btfRoutesForm (fslI MsgBearerTokenRestrictRoutes) (Just True)

  let btfRestrictForm = massInputAccumEditW miAdd' miCell' (\p -> Just . SomeRoute $ AdminTokensR :#: p) miLayout' ("token-restrictions" :: Text) (fslI MsgBearerTokenRestrictions) False Nothing
@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ bearerTokenForm = do
                     -> Either (FieldView UniWorX) (Route UniWorX, Value)
                     -> Form (Route UniWorX, Value)
              miForm nudge mode csrf = do
-                (routeRes, routeView) <- mpreq routeField ("" & addName (nudge "route")) (mode ^? _Right . _1)
-                (restrRes, restrView) <- mpreq (checkMap (left Text.pack . Aeson.eitherDecode . encodeUtf8 . fromStrict . unTextarea) (Textarea . toStrict . decodeUtf8 . Aeson.encodePretty) textareaField) ("" & addName (nudge "restr")) (mode ^? _Right . _2)
+                (routeRes, routeView) <- mpreq routeField (fslI MsgBearerTokenRestrictRoute & addName (nudge "route")) (mode ^? _Right . _1)
+                (restrRes, restrView) <- mpreq (checkMap (left Text.pack . Aeson.eitherDecode . encodeUtf8 . fromStrict . unTextarea) (Textarea . toStrict . decodeUtf8 . Aeson.encodePretty) textareaField) (fslI MsgBearerTokenRestrictValue & addName (nudge "restr")) (mode ^? _Right . _2)

                return ((,) <$> routeRes <*> restrRes, case mode of
                           Left btn -> $(widgetFile "widgets/massinput/token-restrictions/add")
--- a/src/Handler/Corrections.hs
+++ b/src/Handler/Corrections.hs
@ -217,14 +217,14 @@ colPseudonyms = sortable Nothing (i18nCell MsgPseudonyms) $ \DBRow{ dbrOutput=(_
 colRatedField :: Colonnade Sortable CorrectionTableData (DBCell _ (FormResult (DBFormResult SubmissionId (Bool, a, b) CorrectionTableData)))
 colRatedField = sortable Nothing (i18nCell MsgRatingDone) $ formCell id
  (\DBRow{ dbrOutput=(Entity subId _, _, _, _, _, _, _, _) } -> return subId)
-  (\DBRow{ dbrOutput=(Entity _ (submissionRatingDone -> done), _, _, _, _, _, _, _) } mkUnique -> over (_1.mapped) (_1 .~) . over _2 fvInput <$> mreq checkBoxField (fsUniq mkUnique "rated") (Just done))
+  (\DBRow{ dbrOutput=(Entity _ (submissionRatingDone -> done), _, _, _, _, _, _, _) } mkUnique -> over (_1.mapped) (_1 .~) . over _2 fvWidget <$> mreq checkBoxField (fsUniq mkUnique "rated") (Just done))

 colPointsField :: Colonnade Sortable CorrectionTableData (DBCell _ (FormResult (DBFormResult SubmissionId (a, Maybe Points, b) CorrectionTableData)))
 colPointsField = sortable (Just "rating") (i18nCell MsgColumnRatingPoints) $ formCell id
  (\DBRow{ dbrOutput=(Entity subId _, _, _, _, _, _, _, _) } -> return subId)
  (\DBRow{ dbrOutput=(Entity _ Submission{..}, Entity _ Sheet{..}, _, _, _, _, _, _) } mkUnique -> case sheetType of
      NotGraded -> over (_1.mapped) (_2 .~) <$> pure (FormSuccess Nothing, mempty)
-      _other -> over (_1.mapped) (_2 .~) . over _2 fvInput <$> mopt (pointsFieldMax $ preview (_grading . _maxPoints) sheetType) (fsUniq mkUnique "points") (Just submissionRatingPoints)
+      _other -> over (_1.mapped) (_2 .~) . over _2 fvWidget <$> mopt (pointsFieldMax $ preview (_grading . _maxPoints) sheetType) (fsUniq mkUnique "points") (Just submissionRatingPoints)
  )

 colMaxPointsField :: Colonnade Sortable CorrectionTableData (DBCell _ (FormResult (DBFormResult SubmissionId (a, Maybe Points, b) CorrectionTableData)))
@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ colMaxPointsField = sortable (Just "sheet-type") (i18nCell MsgSheetType) $ i18nC
 colCommentField :: Colonnade Sortable CorrectionTableData (DBCell _ (FormResult (DBFormResult SubmissionId (a, b, Maybe Text) CorrectionTableData)))
 colCommentField = sortable (Just "comment") (i18nCell MsgRatingComment) $ fmap (cellAttrs <>~ [("style","width:60%")]) $ formCell id
  (\DBRow{ dbrOutput=(Entity subId _, _, _, _, _, _, _, _) } -> return subId)
-  (\DBRow{ dbrOutput=(Entity _ Submission{..}, _, _, _, _, _, _, _) } mkUnique -> over (_1.mapped) ((_3 .~) . assertM (not . null) . fmap (Text.strip . unTextarea)) . over _2 fvInput <$> mopt textareaField (fsUniq mkUnique "comment") (Just $ Textarea <$> submissionRatingComment))
+  (\DBRow{ dbrOutput=(Entity _ Submission{..}, _, _, _, _, _, _, _) } mkUnique -> over (_1.mapped) ((_3 .~) . assertM (not . null) . fmap (Text.strip . unTextarea)) . over _2 fvWidget <$> mopt textareaField (fsUniq mkUnique "comment") (Just $ Textarea <$> submissionRatingComment))

 colLastEdit :: IsDBTable m a => Colonnade Sortable CorrectionTableData (DBCell m a)
 colLastEdit = sortable (Just "last-edit") (i18nCell MsgLastEdit) $
--- a/src/Handler/Course/Edit.hs
+++ b/src/Handler/Course/Edit.hs
@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ makeCourseForm miButtonAction template = identifyForm FIDcourse . validateFormDB

    let miAdd :: ListPosition -> Natural -> (Text -> Text) -> FieldView UniWorX -> Maybe (Form (Map ListPosition (Either UserEmail UserId) -> FormResult (Map ListPosition (Either UserEmail UserId))))
        miAdd _ _ nudge btn = Just $ \csrf -> do
-          (addRes, addView) <- mpreq (multiUserInvitationField $ MUILookupAnyUser Nothing) ("" & addName (nudge "email") & addPlaceholder (mr MsgLdapIdentificationOrEmail)) Nothing
+          (addRes, addView) <- mpreq (multiUserInvitationField $ MUILookupAnyUser Nothing) (fslI MsgCourseLecturerEmail & addName (nudge "email") & addPlaceholder (mr MsgLdapIdentificationOrEmail)) Nothing
          let addRes'' = addRes <&> \newDat oldDat -> if
                | existing <- newDat `Set.intersection` Set.fromList (Map.elems oldDat)
                , not $ Set.null existing
@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ makeCourseForm miButtonAction template = identifyForm FIDcourse . validateFormDB

        miCell :: ListPosition -> Either UserEmail UserId -> Maybe (Maybe LecturerType) -> (Text -> Text) -> Form (Maybe LecturerType)
        miCell _ (Right lid) defType nudge = \csrf -> do
-          (lrwRes,lrwView) <- mreq (selectField optionsFinite) ("" & addName (nudge "lecturer-type")) (join defType)
+          (lrwRes,lrwView) <- mreq (selectField optionsFinite) (fslI MsgLecturerType & addName (nudge "lecturer-type")) (join defType)
          User{userEmail, userDisplayName, userSurname} <- liftHandler . runDB $ get404 lid
          let lrwView' = $(widgetFile "course/lecturerMassInput/cellKnown")
          return (Just <$> lrwRes,lrwView')
--- a/src/Handler/Course/User.hs
+++ b/src/Handler/Course/User.hs
@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ courseUserProfileSection (Entity cid Course{..}) (Entity uid User{ userShowSex =
  ((regFieldRes, regFieldView), regFieldEnctype) <- lift . runFormPost . identifyForm FIDcRegField $ \csrf ->
    let currentField :: Maybe (Maybe StudyFeaturesId)
        currentField = courseParticipantField . entityVal <$> mRegistration
-     in over _2 ((toWidget csrf <>) . fvInput) <$> mreq (studyFeaturesFieldFor Nothing True (maybeToList $ join currentField) $ Just uid) ("" & addAutosubmit) currentField
+     in over _2 ((toWidget csrf <>) . fvWidget) <$> mreq (studyFeaturesFieldFor Nothing True (maybeToList $ join currentField) $ Just uid) ("" & addAutosubmit) currentField

  let registrationFieldFrag :: Text
      registrationFieldFrag = "registration-field"
--- a/src/Handler/Exam/AutoOccurrence.hs
+++ b/src/Handler/Exam/AutoOccurrence.hs
@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ examAutoOccurrenceAcceptForm :: Maybe ExamAutoOccurrenceAcceptForm -> Form ExamA
 examAutoOccurrenceAcceptForm confirmData = identifyForm FIDExamAutoOccurrenceConfirm $ \html -> do
  (confirmDataRes, confirmDataView) <- mreq secretJsonField "" confirmData
  (acceptRes, acceptView) <- buttonForm' [BtnExamAutoOccurrenceAccept] mempty
-  return (acceptRes *> confirmDataRes, toWidget html <> fvInput confirmDataView <> acceptView)
+  return (acceptRes *> confirmDataRes, toWidget html <> fvWidget confirmDataView <> acceptView)


 examAutoOccurrenceCalculateWidget :: TermId -> SchoolId -> CourseShorthand -> ExamName -> Widget
--- a/src/Handler/Exam/Form.hs
+++ b/src/Handler/Exam/Form.hs
@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ examCorrectorsForm mPrev = wFormToAForm $ do

    miAdd' :: (Text -> Text) -> FieldView UniWorX -> Form ([Either UserEmail UserId] -> FormResult [Either UserEmail UserId])
    miAdd' nudge submitView csrf = do
-      (addRes, addView) <- mpreq (multiUserInvitationField . MUILookupAnyUser $ Just corrUserSuggestions) ("" & addName (nudge "email") & addPlaceholder (mr MsgLdapIdentificationOrEmail)) Nothing
+      (addRes, addView) <- mpreq (multiUserInvitationField . MUILookupAnyUser $ Just corrUserSuggestions) (fslI MsgExamCorrectorEmail & addName (nudge "email") & addPlaceholder (mr MsgLdapIdentificationOrEmail)) Nothing
      let
        addRes'
          | otherwise
@ -160,12 +160,12 @@ examOccurrenceForm prev = wFormToAForm $ do
  where
    examOccurrenceForm' nudge mPrev csrf = do
      (eofIdRes, eofIdView) <- mopt hiddenField ("" & addName (nudge "id")) (Just $ eofId =<< mPrev)
-      (eofNameRes, eofNameView) <- mpreq (textField & cfStrip & cfCI) ("" & addName (nudge "name")) (eofName <$> mPrev)
-      (eofRoomRes, eofRoomView) <- mpreq (textField & cfStrip) ("" & addName (nudge "room")) (eofRoom <$> mPrev)
-      (eofCapacityRes, eofCapacityView) <- mpreq (natFieldI MsgExamRoomCapacityNegative) ("" & addName (nudge "capacity")) (eofCapacity <$> mPrev)
-      (eofStartRes, eofStartView) <- mpreq utcTimeField ("" & addName (nudge "start")) (eofStart <$> mPrev)
-      (eofEndRes, eofEndView) <- mopt utcTimeField ("" & addName (nudge "end")) (eofEnd <$> mPrev)
-      (eofDescRes, eofDescView) <- mopt htmlFieldSmall ("" & addName (nudge "description")) (eofDescription <$> mPrev)
+      (eofNameRes, eofNameView) <- mpreq (textField & cfStrip & cfCI) (fslI MsgExamRoomName & addName (nudge "name")) (eofName <$> mPrev)
+      (eofRoomRes, eofRoomView) <- mpreq (textField & cfStrip) (fslI MsgExamRoomRoom & addName (nudge "room")) (eofRoom <$> mPrev)
+      (eofCapacityRes, eofCapacityView) <- mpreq (natFieldI MsgExamRoomCapacityNegative) (fslI MsgExamRoomCapacity & addName (nudge "capacity")) (eofCapacity <$> mPrev)
+      (eofStartRes, eofStartView) <- mpreq utcTimeField (fslI MsgExamRoomStart & addName (nudge "start")) (eofStart <$> mPrev)
+      (eofEndRes, eofEndView) <- mopt utcTimeField (fslI MsgExamRoomEnd & addName (nudge "end")) (eofEnd <$> mPrev)
+      (eofDescRes, eofDescView) <- mopt htmlFieldSmall (fslI MsgExamRoomDescription & addName (nudge "description")) (eofDescription <$> mPrev)

      return ( ExamOccurrenceForm
                 <$> eofIdRes
@ -201,11 +201,11 @@ examPartsForm prev = wFormToAForm $ do
  fmap (fmap Set.fromList) . massInputAccumEditW miAdd' miCell' miButtonAction' miLayout' miIdent' (fslI MsgExamParts) False $ Set.toList <$> prev
  where
    examPartForm' nudge mPrev csrf = do
-      (epfIdRes, epfIdView) <- mopt hiddenField ("" & addName (nudge "id")) (Just $ epfId =<< mPrev)
-      (epfNumberRes, epfNumberView) <- mpreq (isoField (from _ExamPartNumber) $ textField & cfStrip & cfCI) ("" & addName (nudge "number") & addPlaceholder "1, 6a, 3.1.4, ...") (epfNumber <$> mPrev)
-      (epfNameRes, epfNameView) <- mopt (textField & cfStrip & cfCI) ("" & addName (nudge "name")) (epfName <$> mPrev)
-      (epfMaxPointsRes, epfMaxPointsView) <- mopt pointsField ("" & addName (nudge "max-points")) (epfMaxPoints <$> mPrev)
-      (epfWeightRes, epfWeightView) <- mpreq (checkBool (>= 0) MsgExamPartWeightNegative rationalField) ("" & addName (nudge "weight")) (epfWeight <$> mPrev <|> Just 1)
+      (epfIdRes, epfIdView) <- mopt hiddenField ("" & addName (nudge "id")) (Just $ epfId =<< mPrev)  
+      (epfNumberRes, epfNumberView) <- mpreq (isoField (from _ExamPartNumber) $ textField & cfStrip & cfCI) (fslI MsgExamPartNumber & addName (nudge "number") & addPlaceholder "1, 6a, 3.1.4, ...") (epfNumber <$> mPrev)
+      (epfNameRes, epfNameView) <- mopt (textField & cfStrip & cfCI) (fslI MsgExamPartName & addName (nudge "name")) (epfName <$> mPrev)
+      (epfMaxPointsRes, epfMaxPointsView) <- mopt pointsField (fslI MsgExamPartMaxPoints & addName (nudge "max-points")) (epfMaxPoints <$> mPrev)
+      (epfWeightRes, epfWeightView) <- mpreq (checkBool (>= 0) MsgExamPartWeightNegative rationalField) (fslI MsgExamPartWeight & addName (nudge "weight")) (epfWeight <$> mPrev <|> Just 1)

      return ( ExamPartForm
                 <$> epfIdRes
--- a/src/Handler/ExamOffice/Users.hs
+++ b/src/Handler/ExamOffice/Users.hs
@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ makeExamOfficeUsersForm template = renderWForm FormStandard $ do
           -> Form ([Either UserEmail UserId] -> FormResult [Either UserEmail UserId])
    miAdd' nudge btn csrf = do
      MsgRenderer mr <- getMsgRenderer
-      (addRes, addView) <- mpreq (multiUserInvitationField $ MUILookupAnyUser Nothing) ("" & addName (nudge "users") & addPlaceholder (mr MsgLdapIdentificationOrEmail)) Nothing
+      (addRes, addView) <- mpreq (multiUserInvitationField $ MUILookupAnyUser Nothing) (fslI MsgExamOfficeUserEmail & addName (nudge "users") & addPlaceholder (mr MsgLdapIdentificationOrEmail)) Nothing
      let
        res' :: FormResult ([Either UserEmail UserId] -> FormResult [Either UserEmail UserId])
        res' = addRes <&> \newUsers oldUsers -> if
--- a/src/Handler/ExternalExam/Form.hs
+++ b/src/Handler/ExternalExam/Form.hs
@ -72,11 +72,12 @@ externalExamForm template = validateForm validateExternalExam $ \html -> do
        miIdent = "external-exams-school"
        fSettings = fslI MsgExternalExamExamOfficeSchools & setTooltip MsgExternalExamExamOfficeSchoolsTip
        fRequired = False
+    staffForm :: Route UniWorX -> Maybe [Either UserEmail UserId] -> AForm Handler [Either UserEmail UserId]
    staffForm cRoute = massInputAccumA miAdd miCell miButtonAction miLayout miIdent fSettings fRequired
      where
        miAdd mkUnique submitView csrf = do
          MsgRenderer mr <- getMsgRenderer
-          (usersRes, addView) <- mpreq (multiUserInvitationField $ MUILookupAnyUser Nothing) ("" & addName (mkUnique "email") & addPlaceholder (mr MsgLdapIdentificationOrEmail)) Nothing
+          (usersRes, addView) <- mpreq (multiUserInvitationField $ MUILookupAnyUser Nothing) (fslI MsgExternalExamStaffEmail & addName (mkUnique "email") & addPlaceholder (mr MsgLdapIdentificationOrEmail)) Nothing
          let
            usersRes' = usersRes <&> \newDat oldDat -> if
              | existing <- newDat `Set.intersection` Set.fromList oldDat
--- a/src/Handler/School.hs
+++ b/src/Handler/School.hs
@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ mkSchoolForm :: Maybe SchoolId -> Maybe SchoolForm -> Form SchoolForm
 mkSchoolForm mSsh template = renderAForm FormStandard $ SchoolForm
  <$> maybe (\f fs -> areq f fs (sfShorthand <$> template)) (\ssh f fs -> aforced f fs (unSchoolKey ssh)) mSsh (textField & cfStrip & cfCI) (fslI MsgSchoolShort)
  <*> areq (textField & cfStrip & cfCI) (fslI MsgSchoolName) (sfName <$> template)
-  <*> (Set.fromList . mapMaybe (fmap CI.mk . assertM' (not . Text.null) . Text.strip . CI.original) <$> massInputListA (ciField & addDatalist ldapOrgs) (const "") (const Nothing) ("ldap-organisations" :: Text) (fslI MsgSchoolLdapOrganisations & setTooltip MsgSchoolLdapOrganisationsTip) False (Set.toList . sfOrgUnits <$> template))
+  <*> (Set.fromList . mapMaybe (fmap CI.mk . assertM' (not . Text.null) . Text.strip . CI.original) <$> massInputListA (ciField & addDatalist ldapOrgs) (const "") MsgSchoolLdapOrganisationMissing (const Nothing) ("ldap-organisations" :: Text) (fslI MsgSchoolLdapOrganisations & setTooltip MsgSchoolLdapOrganisationsTip) False (Set.toList . sfOrgUnits <$> template))
  where
    ldapOrgs :: HandlerFor UniWorX (OptionList (CI Text))
    ldapOrgs = fmap (mkOptionList . map (\t -> Option (CI.original t) t (CI.original t)) . Set.toAscList) . runDB $
--- a/src/Handler/Sheet.hs
+++ b/src/Handler/Sheet.hs
@ -420,7 +420,7 @@ getSShowR tid ssh csh shn = do
    Entity _ SheetPseudonym{sheetPseudonymPseudonym} <- MaybeT . runDB . getBy $ UniqueSheetPseudonymUser sid uid
    return $ review _PseudonymText sheetPseudonymPseudonym
  (generateWidget, generateEnctype) <- generateFormPost $ \csrf ->
-    over _2 ((toWidget csrf <>) . fvInput) <$> mreq (buttonField BtnGenerate) "" Nothing
+    over _2 ((toWidget csrf <>) . fvWidget) <$> mreq (buttonField BtnGenerate) "" Nothing
  let generateForm = wrapForm generateWidget def
        { formAction = Just . SomeRoute $ CSheetR tid ssh csh shn SPseudonymR
        , formEncoding = generateEnctype
@ -760,9 +760,9 @@ correctorForm loads' = wFormToAForm $ do
           -> (Text -> Text)
           -> Form (CorrectorState, Load)
    miCell _ userIdent initRes nudge csrf = do
-      (stateRes, stateView) <- mreq (selectField optionsFinite) ("" & addName (nudge "state")) $ (fst <$> initRes) <|> Just CorrectorNormal
+      (stateRes, stateView) <- mreq (selectField optionsFinite) (fslI MsgSheetCorrectorState & addName (nudge "state")) $ (fst <$> initRes) <|> Just CorrectorNormal
      (byTutRes, byTutView) <- mreq checkBoxField ("" & addName (nudge "bytut")) $ (isJust . byTutorial . snd <$> initRes) <|> Just False
-      (propRes, propView) <- mreq (checkBool (>= 0) MsgProportionNegative $ rationalField) ("" & addName (nudge "prop")) $ (byProportion . snd <$> initRes) <|> Just 0
+      (propRes, propView) <- mreq (checkBool (>= 0) MsgProportionNegative $ rationalField) (fslI MsgSheetCorrectorProportion & addName (nudge "prop")) $ (byProportion . snd <$> initRes) <|> Just 0
      let
        res :: FormResult (CorrectorState, Load)
        res = (,) <$> stateRes <*> (Load <$> tutRes' <*> propRes)
--- a/src/Handler/Term.hs
+++ b/src/Handler/Term.hs
@ -243,6 +243,7 @@ newTermForm template = validateForm validateTerm $ \html -> do
      holidayForm = massInputListA
        dayField
        (const $ "" & addPlaceholder (mr MsgTermHolidayPlaceholder))
+        MsgTermHolidayMissing
        (const Nothing)
        ("holidays" :: Text)
        (fslI MsgTermHolidays)
--- a/src/Handler/Tutorial/Form.hs
+++ b/src/Handler/Tutorial/Form.hs
@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ tutorialForm cid template html = do
      where
        miAdd' :: (Text -> Text) -> FieldView UniWorX -> Form ([Either UserEmail UserId] -> FormResult [Either UserEmail UserId])
        miAdd' nudge submitView csrf = do
-          (addRes, addView) <- mpreq (multiUserInvitationField . MUILookupAnyUser . Just $ tutUserSuggestions uid) ("" & addName (nudge "email") & addPlaceholder (mr MsgLdapIdentificationOrEmail)) Nothing
+          (addRes, addView) <- mpreq (multiUserInvitationField . MUILookupAnyUser . Just $ tutUserSuggestions uid) (fslI MsgTutorEmail & addName (nudge "email") & addPlaceholder (mr MsgLdapIdentificationOrEmail)) Nothing
          let
            addRes'
              | otherwise
--- a/src/Handler/Users.hs
+++ b/src/Handler/Users.hs
@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ import qualified Data.HashSet as HashSet
 hijackUserForm :: Form ()
 hijackUserForm csrf = do
  (btnResult, btnView) <- mopt (buttonField BtnHijack) "" Nothing
-  return (btnResult >>= guard . is _Just, mconcat [toWidget csrf, fvInput btnView])
+  return (btnResult >>= guard . is _Just, mconcat [toWidget csrf, fvWidget btnView])

 -- In case of refactoring, use this:
 -- instance HasEntity (DBRow (Entity User)) User where
--- a/src/Handler/Utils/Delete.hs
+++ b/src/Handler/Utils/Delete.hs
@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ confirmForm' drRecords confirmString mmsg = addDeleteTargets . identifyForm FIDD
    addDeleteTargets :: Form a -> Form a
    addDeleteTargets form csrf = do
      (_, fvTargets) <- mreq secretJsonField ("" & addName (toPathPiece PostDeleteTarget)) (Just drRecords)
-      over _2 (mappend $ fvInput fvTargets) <$> form csrf
+      over _2 (mappend $ fvWidget fvTargets) <$> form csrf


 postDeleteR :: ( DeleteCascade record SqlBackend )
--- a/src/Handler/Utils/Form.hs
+++ b/src/Handler/Utils/Form.hs
@ -635,9 +635,9 @@ uploadModeForm prev = multiActionA actions (fslI MsgSheetUploadMode) (classifyUp

        sFileForm :: (Text -> Text) -> Maybe UploadSpecificFile -> Form UploadSpecificFile
        sFileForm nudge mPrevUF csrf = do
-          (labelRes, labelView) <- mpreq textField ("" & addName (nudge "label")) $ specificFileLabel <$> mPrevUF
-          (nameRes, nameView) <- mpreq textField ("" & addName (nudge "name")) $ specificFileName <$> mPrevUF
-          (reqRes, reqView) <- mpreq checkBoxField ("" & addName (nudge "required")) $ specificFileRequired <$> mPrevUF
+          (labelRes, labelView) <- mpreq textField (fslI MsgUploadSpecificFileLabel & addName (nudge "label")) $ specificFileLabel <$> mPrevUF
+          (nameRes, nameView) <- mpreq textField (fslI MsgUploadSpecificFileName & addName (nudge "name")) $ specificFileName <$> mPrevUF
+          (reqRes, reqView) <- mpreq checkBoxField (fslI MsgUploadSpecificFileRequired & addName (nudge "required")) $ specificFileRequired <$> mPrevUF

          return ( UploadSpecificFile <$> labelRes <*> nameRes <*> reqRes
                 , $(widgetFile "widgets/massinput/uploadSpecificFiles/form")
--- a/src/Handler/Utils/Form/MassInput.hs
+++ b/src/Handler/Utils/Form/MassInput.hs
@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ import Utils.Form
 import Handler.Utils.Form.MassInput.Liveliness
 import Handler.Utils.Form.MassInput.TH

-import Text.Blaze (Markup)
+import Text.Blaze (Markup, toMarkup)

 import qualified Data.Text as Text

@ -426,7 +426,9 @@ massInput MassInput{ miIdent = toPathPiece -> miIdent, ..} FieldSettings{..} fvR
    fvLabel = toHtml $ mr fsLabel
    fvTooltip = toHtml . mr <$> fsTooltip
    fvInput = $(widgetFile "widgets/massinput/massinput")
-    fvErrors = Nothing
+    fvErrors = case result of
+      FormFailure errs | not $ null errs -> Just . mconcat . intersperse [shamlet|<br />|] $ map toMarkup errs
+      _other -> Nothing
    in return (result, FieldView{..})

 defaultMiLayout :: forall liveliness cellData cellResult.
@ -455,24 +457,26 @@ listMiLayout lLength _ cellWdgts delButtons addWdgts = $(widgetFile "widgets/mas


 -- | Wrapper around `massInput` for the common case, that we just want an arbitrary list of single fields without any constraints
-massInputList :: forall handler cellResult ident.
+massInputList :: forall handler cellResult ident msg.
                 ( MonadHandler handler, HandlerSite handler ~ UniWorX
                 , MonadThrow handler
                 , PathPiece ident
+                 , RenderMessage UniWorX msg
                 )
              => Field handler cellResult
              -> (ListPosition -> FieldSettings UniWorX)
+              -> msg
              -> (forall p. PathPiece p => p -> Maybe (SomeRoute UniWorX))
              -> ident
              -> FieldSettings UniWorX
              -> Bool
              -> Maybe [cellResult]
              -> (Markup -> MForm handler (FormResult [cellResult], FieldView UniWorX))
-massInputList field fieldSettings miButtonAction miIdent miSettings miRequired miPrevResult = over (mapped . _1 . mapped) (map snd . Map.elems) . massInput
+massInputList field fieldSettings onMissing miButtonAction miIdent miSettings miRequired miPrevResult = over (mapped . _1 . mapped) (map snd . Map.elems) . massInput
  MassInput { miAdd = \_ _ _ submitBtn -> Just $ \csrf ->
-                return (FormSuccess $ \pRes -> FormSuccess $ Map.singleton (maybe 0 succ . fmap fst $ Map.lookupMax pRes) (), toWidget csrf >> fvInput submitBtn)
+                return (FormSuccess $ \pRes -> FormSuccess $ Map.singleton (maybe 0 succ . fmap fst $ Map.lookupMax pRes) (), toWidget csrf >> fvWidget submitBtn)
            , miCell = \pos () iRes nudge csrf ->
-                over _2 (\FieldView{..} -> $(widgetFile "widgets/massinput/list/cell")) <$> mreq field (fieldSettings pos & addName (nudge "field")) iRes
+                over _2 (\fv -> $(widgetFile "widgets/massinput/list/cell")) <$> mreqMsg field (fieldSettings pos & addName (nudge "field")) onMissing iRes
            , miDelete = miDeleteList
            , miAllowAdd = \_ _ _ -> True
            , miAddEmpty = \_ _ _ -> Set.empty
@ -484,20 +488,22 @@ massInputList field fieldSettings miButtonAction miIdent miSettings miRequired m
  miRequired
  (Map.fromList . zip [0..] . map ((), ) <$> miPrevResult)

-massInputListA :: forall handler cellResult ident.
+massInputListA :: forall handler cellResult ident msg.
                  ( MonadHandler handler, HandlerSite handler ~ UniWorX
                  , MonadThrow handler
                  , PathPiece ident
+                  , RenderMessage UniWorX msg
                  )
               => Field handler cellResult
               -> (ListPosition -> FieldSettings UniWorX)
+               -> msg
               -> (forall p. PathPiece p => p -> Maybe (SomeRoute UniWorX))
               -> ident
               -> FieldSettings UniWorX
               -> Bool
               -> Maybe [cellResult]
               -> AForm handler [cellResult]
-massInputListA field fieldSettings miButtonAction miIdent miSettings miRequired miPrevResult = formToAForm . fmap (over _2 pure) $ massInputList field fieldSettings miButtonAction miIdent miSettings miRequired miPrevResult mempty
+massInputListA field fieldSettings onMissing miButtonAction miIdent miSettings miRequired miPrevResult = formToAForm . fmap (over _2 pure) $ massInputList field fieldSettings onMissing miButtonAction miIdent miSettings miRequired miPrevResult mempty


 -- | Wrapper around `massInput` for the common case, that we just want a list of data with no option to modify it except deletion and addition
--- a/src/Handler/Utils/Table/Pagination.hs
+++ b/src/Handler/Utils/Table/Pagination.hs
@ -1598,4 +1598,4 @@ dbSelect resLens selLens genIndex = Colonnade.singleton (headednessPure $ mempty
  where
    genForm _ mkUnique = do
      (selResult, selWidget) <- mreq checkBoxField (fsUniq mkUnique "select") (Just False)
-      return (set selLens <$> selResult, [whamlet|^{fvInput selWidget}|])
+      return (set selLens <$> selResult, [whamlet|^{fvWidget selWidget}|])
--- a/src/Import/NoModel.hs
+++ b/src/Import/NoModel.hs
@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import ClassyPrelude.Yesod    as Import
         , embed
         , try, embed, catches, handle, catch, bracket, bracketOnError, bracket_, catchJust, finally, handleJust, mask, mask_, onException, tryJust, uninterruptibleMask, uninterruptibleMask_
         , htmlField, fileField
+         , mreq, areq, wreq -- Use `mreqMsg`, `areqMsg`, `wreqMsg`
         )

 import UnliftIO.Async.Utils as Import
--- a/src/Utils/Form.hs
+++ b/src/Utils/Form.hs
@ -4,7 +4,7 @@

 module Utils.Form where

-import ClassyPrelude.Yesod hiding (addMessage, addMessageI, cons, Proxy(..), identifyForm, addClass)
+import ClassyPrelude.Yesod hiding (addMessage, addMessageI, cons, Proxy(..), identifyForm, addClass, mreq, areq, wreq)
 import qualified Yesod.Form.Functions as Yesod
 import Yesod.Core.Instances ()
 import Settings
@ -409,7 +409,7 @@ buttonForm' btns csrf = do
      $newline never
      #{csrf}
      $forall bView <- fViews
-        ^{fvInput bView}
+        ^{fvWidget bView}
    |])

 withButtonForm' :: (MonadHandler m, Button (HandlerSite m) btn)
@ -932,6 +932,9 @@ formSection formSectionTitle = do
      , fvInput    = mempty
      })

+fvWidget :: FieldView site -> WidgetFor site ()
+fvWidget FieldView{..} = $(widgetFile "widgets/field-view/field-view")
+
 -------------------
 -- Special Forms --
 -------------------
@ -945,7 +948,7 @@ aformSection' = formToAForm . fmap (second pure) . formSection'
 --  allows tooltips and arbitrary attributs. Section header must be given through `fsLabel`
 formSection' :: (MonadHandler m, site ~ HandlerSite m, RenderMessage site FormMessage) =>
   FieldSettings site  -> MForm m (FormResult (), FieldView site) -- TODO: WIP, delete
-formSection' formSectionTitleSettings = mreq noinputField sectionSettings Nothing
+formSection' formSectionTitleSettings = Yesod.mreq noinputField sectionSettings Nothing
  where
    sectionSettings = formSectionTitleSettings { fsId = Just idFormSectionNoinput }

@ -1157,6 +1160,31 @@ wFormFields = mapRWST (fmap (\((a, s, w'), w) -> ((a, w), s, w')) . censor (cons
 -- Special variants of @mopt@, @mreq@, ... --
 ---------------------------------------------

+  
+data ValueRequired site = forall msg. RenderMessage site msg => ValueRequired msg
+
+mreq :: forall m a.
+        ( MonadHandler m
+        , RenderMessage (HandlerSite m) (ValueRequired (HandlerSite m))
+        )
+     => Field m a -> FieldSettings (HandlerSite m) -> Maybe a -> MForm m (FormResult a, FieldView (HandlerSite m))
+mreq f fs@FieldSettings{..} mdef = mreqMsg f fs (ValueRequired fsLabel) mdef
+
+wreq :: forall m a.
+        ( MonadHandler m
+        , RenderMessage (HandlerSite m) (ValueRequired (HandlerSite m))
+        )
+     => Field m a -> FieldSettings (HandlerSite m) -> Maybe a -> WForm m (FormResult a)
+wreq f fs@FieldSettings{..} mdef = wreqMsg f fs (ValueRequired fsLabel) mdef
+
+areq :: forall m a.
+        ( MonadHandler m
+        , RenderMessage (HandlerSite m) (ValueRequired (HandlerSite m))
+        )
+     => Field m a -> FieldSettings (HandlerSite m) -> Maybe a -> AForm m a
+areq f fs@FieldSettings{..} mdef = areqMsg f fs (ValueRequired fsLabel) mdef
+
+
 mforced :: (site ~ HandlerSite m, MonadHandler m)
        => Field m a -> FieldSettings site -> a -> MForm m (FormResult a, FieldView site)
 mforced Field{..} FieldSettings{..} val = do
@ -1223,13 +1251,13 @@ wforcedJust f fs (Just fDef) = wforced f fs fDef
 wforcedJust _ _   Nothing    = error "wforcedJust called with Nothing"


-mpreq :: (RenderMessage site FormMessage, HandlerSite m ~ site, MonadHandler m)
+mpreq :: (RenderMessage site (ValueRequired site), HandlerSite m ~ site, MonadHandler m)
      => Field m a -> FieldSettings site -> Maybe a -> MForm m (FormResult a, FieldView site)
 -- ^ Pseudo required
 --
 -- `FieldView` has `fvRequired` set to `True` and @FormSuccess Nothing@ is cast to `FormFailure`.
 -- Otherwise acts exactly like `mopt`.
-mpreq f fs mx = do
+mpreq f fs@FieldSettings{..} mx = do
  mr <- getMessageRender
  (res, fv) <- mopt f fs (Just <$> mx)
  let fv' = fv { fvRequired = True }
@ -1237,22 +1265,33 @@ mpreq f fs mx = do
    FormSuccess (Just res')
      -> (FormSuccess res', fv')
    FormSuccess Nothing
-      -> (FormFailure [mr MsgValueRequired], fv' { fvErrors = Just . toHtml $ mr MsgValueRequired })
+      -> let errMsg = mr $ ValueRequired fsLabel
+          in ( FormFailure [errMsg]
+             , fv' { fvErrors = Just
+                       [shamlet|
+                         $newline never
+                         $maybe pErr <- fvErrors fv'
+                           #{pErr}
+                           <br />
+                         #{errMsg}
+                       |]
+                   }
+             )
    FormFailure errs
      -> (FormFailure errs, fv')
    FormMissing
      -> (FormMissing, fv')

-apreq :: (RenderMessage site FormMessage, HandlerSite m ~ site, MonadHandler m)
+apreq :: (RenderMessage site (ValueRequired site), HandlerSite m ~ site, MonadHandler m)
      => Field m a -> FieldSettings site -> Maybe a -> AForm m a
 apreq f fs mx = formToAForm $ over _2 pure <$> mpreq f fs mx

-wpreq :: (RenderMessage site FormMessage, HandlerSite m ~ site, MonadHandler m)
+wpreq :: (RenderMessage site (ValueRequired site), HandlerSite m ~ site, MonadHandler m)
      => Field m a -> FieldSettings site -> Maybe a -> WForm m (FormResult a)
 wpreq f fs mx = mFormToWForm $ mpreq f fs mx


-mpopt :: (RenderMessage site FormMessage, HandlerSite m ~ site, MonadHandler m)
+mpopt :: (RenderMessage site (ValueRequired site), HandlerSite m ~ site, MonadHandler m)
      => Field m a -> FieldSettings site -> Maybe a -> MForm m (FormResult a, FieldView site)
 -- ^ Pseudo optional
 --
@ -1260,10 +1299,10 @@ mpopt :: (RenderMessage site FormMessage, HandlerSite m ~ site, MonadHandler m)
 -- Otherwise acts exactly like `mreq`.
 mpopt f fs mx = set (_2 . _fvRequired) False <$> mreq f fs mx

-apopt :: (RenderMessage site FormMessage, HandlerSite m ~ site, MonadHandler m)
+apopt :: (RenderMessage site (ValueRequired site), HandlerSite m ~ site, MonadHandler m)
      => Field m a -> FieldSettings site -> Maybe a -> AForm m a
 apopt f fs mx = formToAForm $ over _2 pure <$> mpopt f fs mx

-wpopt :: (RenderMessage site FormMessage, HandlerSite m ~ site, MonadHandler m)
+wpopt :: (RenderMessage site (ValueRequired site), HandlerSite m ~ site, MonadHandler m)
      => Field m a -> FieldSettings site -> Maybe a -> WForm m (FormResult a)
 wpopt f fs mx = mFormToWForm $ mpopt f fs mx
--- a/src/Utils/Icon.hs
+++ b/src/Utils/Icon.hs
@ -84,6 +84,7 @@ data Icon
  | IconBreadcrumbSeparator
  | IconMissingAllocationPriority
  | IconFileUploadSession
+  | IconStandaloneFieldError
  deriving (Eq, Ord, Enum, Bounded, Show, Read, Generic, Typeable)

 iconText :: Icon -> Text
@ -146,6 +147,7 @@ iconText = \case
    IconBreadcrumbSeparator     -> "angle-right"
    IconMissingAllocationPriority -> "empty-set"
    IconFileUploadSession       -> "file-upload"
+    IconStandaloneFieldError    -> "exclamation"

 instance Universe Icon
 instance Finite   Icon
--- a/templates/allocation/show/course.hamlet
+++ b/templates/allocation/show/course.hamlet
@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ $if is _Just muid
    _{MsgAllocationPriority}
  <div .allocation-course__priority>
    $maybe prioView <- mApplyFormView' >>= afvPriority
-      ^{fvInput prioView}
+      ^{fvWidget prioView}
    $nothing
      _{MsgAllocationNoApplication}
 <a .allocation-course__name href=@{CourseR courseTerm courseSchool courseShorthand CShowR} target="_blank">
--- a/templates/course/lecturerMassInput/add.hamlet
+++ b/templates/course/lecturerMassInput/add.hamlet
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $newline never
 <td colspan=3>
  #{csrf}
-  ^{fvInput addView}
+  ^{fvWidget addView}
 <td>
-  ^{fvInput btn}
+  ^{fvWidget btn}
--- a/templates/course/lecturerMassInput/cellInvitation.hamlet
+++ b/templates/course/lecturerMassInput/cellInvitation.hamlet
@ -6,4 +6,4 @@
 <td>
   ^{messageTooltip invWarnMsg}
 <td>
-   ^{fvInput lrwView}
+   ^{fvWidget lrwView}
--- a/templates/course/lecturerMassInput/cellKnown.hamlet
+++ b/templates/course/lecturerMassInput/cellKnown.hamlet
@ -3,4 +3,4 @@ $newline never
  #{csrf}
  ^{nameEmailWidget userEmail userDisplayName userSurname} #
 <td>
-  ^{fvInput lrwView}
+  ^{fvWidget lrwView}
--- a/templates/course/lecturerMassInput/layout.hamlet
+++ b/templates/course/lecturerMassInput/layout.hamlet
@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ $newline never
      <tr .massinput__cell>
        ^{cellWdgts ! coord}
        <td>
-          ^{fvInput (delButtons ! coord)}
+          ^{fvWidget (delButtons ! coord)}
  <tfoot>
    <tr .massinput__cell.massinput__cell--add>
      ^{addWdgts ! (0, 0)}
--- a/templates/external-exam/schoolMassInput/add.hamlet
+++ b/templates/external-exam/schoolMassInput/add.hamlet
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $newline never
 <td>
  #{csrf}
-  ^{fvInput addView}
+  ^{fvWidget addView}
 <td>
-  ^{fvInput submitView}
+  ^{fvWidget submitView}
--- a/templates/external-exam/schoolMassInput/layout.hamlet
+++ b/templates/external-exam/schoolMassInput/layout.hamlet
@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ $newline never
      <tr .massinput__cell>
        ^{cellWdgts ! coord}
        <td>
-          ^{fvInput (delButtons ! coord)}
+          ^{fvWidget (delButtons ! coord)}
  <tfoot>
    <tr .massinput__cell.massinput__cell--add>
      ^{addWdgts ! (0, 0)}
--- a/templates/external-exam/staffMassInput/add.hamlet
+++ b/templates/external-exam/staffMassInput/add.hamlet
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $newline never
 <td colspan=2>
  #{csrf}
-  ^{fvInput addView}
+  ^{fvWidget addView}
 <td>
-  ^{fvInput submitView}
+  ^{fvWidget submitView}
--- a/templates/external-exam/staffMassInput/layout.hamlet
+++ b/templates/external-exam/staffMassInput/layout.hamlet
@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ $newline never
      <tr .massinput__cell>
        ^{cellWdgts ! coord}
        <td>
-          ^{fvInput (delButtons ! coord)}
+          ^{fvWidget (delButtons ! coord)}
  <tfoot>
    <tr .massinput__cell.massinput__cell--add>
      ^{addWdgts ! (0, 0)}
--- a/templates/sheetCorrectors/add.hamlet
+++ b/templates/sheetCorrectors/add.hamlet
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $newline never
 <td colspan=5>
  #{csrf}
-  ^{fvInput addView}
+  ^{fvWidget addView}
 <td>
-  ^{fvInput submitView}
+  ^{fvWidget submitView}
--- a/templates/sheetCorrectors/cell.hamlet
+++ b/templates/sheetCorrectors/cell.hamlet
@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ $case userIdent
      ^{identWidget}
 <td>
  #{csrf}
-  ^{fvInput stateView}
+  ^{fvWidget stateView}
 <td>
-  ^{fvInput byTutView}
+  ^{fvWidget byTutView}
 <td>
-  ^{fvInput propView}
+  ^{fvWidget propView}
--- a/templates/sheetCorrectors/layout.hamlet
+++ b/templates/sheetCorrectors/layout.hamlet
@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ $newline never
      <tr .massinput__cell .table__row>
        ^{cellWdgts ! coord}
        <td>
-          ^{fvInput (delButtons ! coord)}
+          ^{fvWidget (delButtons ! coord)}
  <tfoot>
    <tr .massinput__cell.massinput__cell--add>
      ^{addWdgts ! (0, 0)}
--- a/templates/tutorial/tutorMassInput/add.hamlet
+++ b/templates/tutorial/tutorMassInput/add.hamlet
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $newline never
 <td colspan=2>
  #{csrf}
-  ^{fvInput addView}
+  ^{fvWidget addView}
 <td>
-  ^{fvInput submitView}
+  ^{fvWidget submitView}
--- a/templates/tutorial/tutorMassInput/layout.hamlet
+++ b/templates/tutorial/tutorMassInput/layout.hamlet
@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ $newline never
      <tr .massinput__cell>
        ^{cellWdgts ! coord}
        <td>
-          ^{fvInput (delButtons ! coord)}
+          ^{fvWidget (delButtons ! coord)}
  <tfoot>
    <tr .massinput__cell.massinput__cell--add>
      ^{addWdgts ! (0, 0)}
--- a/templates/widgets/aform/aform.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/aform/aform.hamlet
@ -28,7 +28,8 @@ $case formLayout
          <div .form-group__input>
            ^{fvInput view}
            $maybe err <- fvErrors view
-              <div .form-error>#{err}
+              <div .form-error>
+                #{err}
    $if formHasRequiredFields
      <div .form-section-legend>
        <span .form-group__required-marker>
--- a/templates/widgets/campus-login/campus-login.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/campus-login/campus-login.hamlet
@ -2,10 +2,10 @@
 <table>
  <tr>
    <th>_{MsgCampusIdent}
-    <td>^{fvInput identView}
+    <td>^{fvWidget identView}
  <tr>
    <th>_{MsgCampusPassword}
-    <td>^{fvInput passwordView}
+    <td>^{fvWidget passwordView}
  <tr>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right">
      <button type="submit">_{MsgCampusSubmit}
--- a/templates/widgets/communication/recipientAdd.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/communication/recipientAdd.hamlet
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 $newline never
 <div .recipient-category__option-add.massinput__cell.massinput__cell--add>
  #{csrf}
-  ^{fvInput addView}
-  ^{fvInput submitView}
+  ^{fvWidget addView}
+  ^{fvWidget submitView}
--- a/templates/widgets/communication/recipientEmail.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/communication/recipientEmail.hamlet
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $newline never
 <div .recipient-category__option.massinput__cell>
  #{csrf}
-  ^{fvInput tickView}
+  ^{fvWidget tickView}
  <label .recipient-category__option-label for=#{fvId tickView}>
    #{email}
--- a/templates/widgets/communication/recipientName.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/communication/recipientName.hamlet
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $newline never
 <div .recipient-category__option.massinput__cell>
  #{csrf}
-  ^{fvInput tickView}
+  ^{fvWidget tickView}
  <label .recipient-category__option-label for=#{fvId tickView}>
    #{nameHtml userDisplayName userSurname}
--- a/templates/widgets/field-view/field-view.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/field-view/field-view.hamlet
@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+$newline never
+<div .standalone-field .interactive-fieldset__target :fvRequired:.standalone-field--required :not fvRequired:.standalone-field--optional :is _Just fvErrors:.standalone-field--has-error>
+  <div .standalone-field__input>
+    ^{fvInput}
+  $maybe err <- fvErrors
+    <div .standalone-field__error>
+      ^{messageTooltip (Message Error err $ Just IconStandaloneFieldError)}
--- a/templates/widgets/massinput/cell.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/massinput/cell.hamlet
@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 ^{cellWdgt}
-$maybe delWdgt <- fmap fvInput deleteButton
+$maybe delWdgt <- fmap fvWidget deleteButton
  ^{delWdgt}
--- a/templates/widgets/massinput/courses/add.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/massinput/courses/add.hamlet
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $newline never
 <td colspan=3>
  #{csrf}
-  ^{fvInput addView}
+  ^{fvWidget addView}
 <td>
-  ^{fvInput btn}
+  ^{fvWidget btn}
--- a/templates/widgets/massinput/courses/layout.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/massinput/courses/layout.hamlet
@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ $newline never
        ^{cellWdgts ! coord}
        <td>
          $maybe delButton <- delButtons !? coord
-            ^{fvInput delButton}
+            ^{fvWidget delButton}
  $maybe addWdgt <- addWdgts !? (0, 0)
    <tfoot>
      <tr .massinput__cell.massinput__cell--add>
--- a/templates/widgets/massinput/examCorrectors/add.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/massinput/examCorrectors/add.hamlet
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $newline never
 <td colspan=2>
  #{csrf}
-  ^{fvInput addView}
+  ^{fvWidget addView}
 <td>
-  ^{fvInput submitView}
+  ^{fvWidget submitView}
--- a/templates/widgets/massinput/examCorrectors/layout.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/massinput/examCorrectors/layout.hamlet
@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ $newline never
      <tr .massinput__cell>
        ^{cellWdgts ! coord}
        <td>
-          ^{fvInput (delButtons ! coord)}
+          ^{fvWidget (delButtons ! coord)}
  <tfoot>
    <tr .massinput__cell.massinput__cell--add>
      ^{addWdgts ! (0, 0)}
--- a/templates/widgets/massinput/examOfficeUsers/add.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/massinput/examOfficeUsers/add.hamlet
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $newline never
 <td colspan=2>
  #{csrf}
-  ^{fvInput addView}
+  ^{fvWidget addView}
 <td>
-  ^{fvInput btn}
+  ^{fvWidget btn}
--- a/templates/widgets/massinput/examOfficeUsers/layout.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/massinput/examOfficeUsers/layout.hamlet
@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ $newline never
        ^{cellWdgts ! coord}
        <td>
          $maybe delButton <- delButtons !? coord
-            ^{fvInput delButton}
+            ^{fvWidget delButton}
  $maybe addWdgt <- addWdgts !? (0, 0)
    <tfoot>
      <tr .massinput__cell.massinput__cell--add>
--- a/templates/widgets/massinput/examParts/add.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/massinput/examParts/add.hamlet
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 $newline never
 ^{formWidget}
 <td>
-  ^{fvInput submitView}
+  ^{fvWidget submitView}
--- a/templates/widgets/massinput/examParts/form.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/massinput/examParts/form.hamlet
@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 $newline never
-<td>#{csrf}^{fvInput epfIdView}^{fvInput epfNumberView}
-<td>^{fvInput epfNameView}
-<td>^{fvInput epfMaxPointsView}
-<td>^{fvInput epfWeightView}
+<td>
+  #{csrf}
+  ^{fvInput epfIdView}
+  ^{fvWidget epfNumberView}
+<td>^{fvWidget epfNameView}
+<td>^{fvWidget epfMaxPointsView}
+<td>^{fvWidget epfWeightView}
--- a/templates/widgets/massinput/examParts/layout.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/massinput/examParts/layout.hamlet
@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ $newline never
      <tr .massinput__cell>
        ^{cellWdgts ! coord}
        <td>
-          ^{fvInput (delButtons ! coord)}
+          ^{fvWidget (delButtons ! coord)}
  <tfoot>
    <tr .massinput__cell.massinput__cell--add>
      ^{addWdgts ! (0, 0)}
--- a/templates/widgets/massinput/examRooms/add.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/massinput/examRooms/add.hamlet
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 $newline never
 ^{formWidget}
 <td>
-  ^{fvInput submitView}
+  ^{fvWidget submitView}
--- a/templates/widgets/massinput/examRooms/form.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/massinput/examRooms/form.hamlet
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 $newline never
-<td>#{csrf}^{fvInput eofIdView}^{fvInput eofNameView}
-<td>^{fvInput eofRoomView}
-<td>^{fvInput eofCapacityView}
-<td>^{fvInput eofStartView}
-<td>^{fvInput eofEndView}
-<td>^{fvInput eofDescView}
+<td>#{csrf}^{fvInput eofIdView}^{fvWidget eofNameView}
+<td>^{fvWidget eofRoomView}
+<td>^{fvWidget eofCapacityView}
+<td>^{fvWidget eofStartView}
+<td>^{fvWidget eofEndView}
+<td>^{fvWidget eofDescView}
--- a/templates/widgets/massinput/examRooms/layout.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/massinput/examRooms/layout.hamlet
@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ $newline never
      <tr .massinput__cell>
        ^{cellWdgts ! coord}
        <td>
-          ^{fvInput (delButtons ! coord)}
+          ^{fvWidget (delButtons ! coord)}
  <tfoot>
    <tr .massinput__cell.massinput__cell--add>
      ^{addWdgts ! (0, 0)}
--- a/templates/widgets/massinput/list/cell.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/massinput/list/cell.hamlet
@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 $newline never
 #{csrf}
-^{fvInput}
+^{fvWidget fv}
--- a/templates/widgets/massinput/list/layout.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/massinput/list/layout.hamlet
@ -5,6 +5,6 @@ $newline never
      <div .massinput-list__field>
        ^{cellWdgts ! coord}
      <div .massinput-list__delete>
-        ^{fvInput (delButtons ! coord)}
+        ^{fvWidget (delButtons ! coord)}
  <div .massinput-list__add .massinput__cell .massinput__cell--add>
    ^{addWdgts ! (0, 0)}
--- a/templates/widgets/massinput/submissionUsers/add.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/massinput/submissionUsers/add.hamlet
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $newline never
 <td colspan=2>
  #{csrf}
-  ^{fvInput addView}
+  ^{fvWidget addView}
 <td>
-  ^{fvInput btn}
+  ^{fvWidget btn}
--- a/templates/widgets/massinput/submissionUsers/layout.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/massinput/submissionUsers/layout.hamlet
@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ $newline never
        ^{cellWdgts ! coord}
        <td>
          $maybe delButton <- delButtons !? coord
-            ^{fvInput delButton}
+            ^{fvWidget delButton}
  $maybe addWdgt <- addWdgts !? (0, 0)
    <tfoot>
      <tr .massinput__cell.massinput__cell--add>
--- a/templates/widgets/massinput/token-restrictions/add.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/massinput/token-restrictions/add.hamlet
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 $newline never
 <td>
  #{csrf}
-  ^{fvInput routeView}<br />
-  ^{fvInput restrView}
+  ^{fvWidget routeView}<br />
+  ^{fvWidget restrView}
 <td>
-  ^{fvInput btn}
+  ^{fvWidget btn}
--- a/templates/widgets/massinput/token-restrictions/cell.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/massinput/token-restrictions/cell.hamlet
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $newline never
 <td>
  #{csrf}
-  ^{fvInput routeView}<br />
-  ^{fvInput restrView}
+  ^{fvWidget routeView}<br />
+  ^{fvWidget restrView}
 <td>
--- a/templates/widgets/massinput/token-restrictions/layout.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/massinput/token-restrictions/layout.hamlet
@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ $newline never
        ^{cellWdgts ! coord}
        <td>
          $maybe delButton <- delButtons !? coord
-            ^{fvInput delButton}
+            ^{fvWidget delButton}
  $maybe addWdgt <- addWdgts !? (0, 0)
    <tfoot>
      <tr .massinput__cell.massinput__cell--add>
--- a/templates/widgets/massinput/uploadSpecificFiles/add.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/massinput/uploadSpecificFiles/add.hamlet
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 $newline never
 ^{formWidget}
 <td>
-  ^{fvInput submitView}
+  ^{fvWidget submitView}
--- a/templates/widgets/massinput/uploadSpecificFiles/form.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/massinput/uploadSpecificFiles/form.hamlet
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 $newline never
-<td>#{csrf}^{fvInput labelView}
-<td>^{fvInput nameView}
-<td>^{fvInput reqView}
+<td>#{csrf}^{fvWidget labelView}
+<td>^{fvWidget nameView}
+<td>^{fvWidget reqView}
--- a/templates/widgets/massinput/uploadSpecificFiles/layout.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/massinput/uploadSpecificFiles/layout.hamlet
@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ $newline never
      <tr .massinput__cell>
        ^{cellWdgts ! coord}
        <td>
-          ^{fvInput (delButtons ! coord)}
+          ^{fvWidget (delButtons ! coord)}
  <tfoot>
    <tr .massinput__cell.massinput__cell--add>
      ^{addWdgts ! (0, 0)}
--- a/templates/widgets/occurrence/form/except-add.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/occurrence/form/except-add.hamlet
@ -2,4 +2,4 @@ $newline never
 <td colspan=2>
  ^{addWidget}
 <td style="vertical-align: bottom">
-  ^{fvInput submitView}
+  ^{fvWidget submitView}
--- a/templates/widgets/occurrence/form/except-layout.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/occurrence/form/except-layout.hamlet
@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ $newline never
      <tr .massinput__cell>
        ^{cellWdgts ! coord}
        <td>
-          ^{fvInput (delButtons ! coord)}
+          ^{fvWidget (delButtons ! coord)}
    $if null (review liveCoords lLength)
      <tr>
        <td colspan=3 style="font-weight: 600; font-size: 0.9rem; color: var(--color-fontsec);">
--- a/templates/widgets/occurrence/form/scheduled-add.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/occurrence/form/scheduled-add.hamlet
@ -2,4 +2,4 @@ $newline never
 <td colspan=2>
  ^{addWidget}
 <td style="vertical-align: bottom">
-  ^{fvInput submitView}
+  ^{fvWidget submitView}
--- a/templates/widgets/occurrence/form/scheduled-layout.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/occurrence/form/scheduled-layout.hamlet
@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ $newline never
      <tr .massinput__cell>
        ^{cellWdgts ! coord}
        <td>
-          ^{fvInput (delButtons ! coord)}
+          ^{fvWidget (delButtons ! coord)}
    $if null (review liveCoords lLength)
      <tr>
        <td colspan=3 style="font-weight: 600; font-size: 0.9rem; color: var(--color-fontsec);">
--- a/templates/widgets/register-form/register-form.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/register-form/register-form.hamlet
@ -4,11 +4,11 @@ $# extra protects us against CSRF
 $# Maybe display textField for passcode
 $maybe secretView <- msecretView
  ^{fvLabel secretView}
-  ^{fvInput secretView}
+  ^{fvWidget secretView}
 $# Ask for associated primary field uf study, unless registered
 $maybe sfView <- msfView
  ^{fvLabel sfView}
-  ^{fvInput sfView}
+  ^{fvWidget sfView}

 $# Always display register/deregister button
-^{fvInput btnView}
+^{fvWidget btnView}
--- a/templates/widgets/user-rights-form/user-rights-form.hamlet
+++ b/templates/widgets/user-rights-form/user-rights-form.hamlet
@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ $newline never
          $forall function <- allFunctions
            <td .table__td>
              $maybe (_, boxView) <- Map.lookup (function, sid) boxRights
-                ^{fvInput boxView}
+                ^{fvWidget boxView}